Um espetáculo solar com impacto terrestre…
O SOL pode protaganizar um verdadeiro espetáculo cósmico um deles é um filamento magnético que entrou em erupção, abrindo uma espécie de “cânion de fogo” em sua superfície.
Essa abertura gerou uma ejeção de massa coronal (CME) em direção à Terra. No mesmo momento, outras duas erupções semelhantes lançam jatos de plasma contra o nosso planeta.
Quando os efeitos podem ser sentidos na Terra ?
Segundo a plataforma Spaceweather.com, a chegada coletiva dessas ejeções podem ocorrer. Esses eventos podem desencadear tempestades geomagnéticas de classe G2 — ou seja, moderadas em uma escala que vai de G1 a G5. Modelos da NASA mostram que a Terra está diretamente na rota de impacto dessas CMEs.
O que é o plasma e por que ele importa ?
Para entender o fenômeno, é essencial compreender o que é o plasma: o quarto estado da matéria, além do sólido, líquido e gasoso. O plasma é uma forma altamente energética composta por partículas carregadas, como íons e elétrons livres. Ele se forma quando átomos ou moléculas perdem ou ganham elétrons, tornando-se eletricamente carregados.
Entre suas características, destacam-se:
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- Alta energia com colisões constantes entre partículas.
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- Excelente condutividade elétrica.
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- Emissão de luz, como acontece nas lâmpadas fluorescentes, no néon e, claro, nas estrelas.
Ventos solares e ejeções de massa coronal !
Os jatos de plasma emitidos pelo Sol, também conhecidos como ventos solares, transportam essas partículas carregadas pelo espaço. Eles podem ser suaves ou extremamente rápidos, dependendo da sua origem. Os mais velozes surgem de buracos nos polos solares e chegam a atingir velocidades de 800 km/s, enquanto os mais tranquilos fluem a cerca de 400 km/s ao longo do plano do Sistema Solar.
Durante o chamado “máximo solar” — ponto alto de um ciclo de 11 anos da atividade solar —, o campo magnético do Sol se inverte, formando manchas solares e buracos coronais. É nesse período que os jatos mais intensos são direcionados à Terra.
Classificação das erupções solares.
A intensidade das erupções solares é classificada por letras: A, B, C, M e X, sendo X a mais poderosa. Dentro de cada classe, a intensidade é multiplicada por um número. Por exemplo, uma erupção X3 é três vezes mais forte que uma X1. As explosões X10 são consideradas extremamente intensas e raras.
Segundo a NASA, esse tipo de evento ocorre em média cerca de 10 vezes por ano, com maior frequência durante o máximo solar.
Estamos em perigo?
Apesar do impacto impressionante dessas erupções, o risco imediato à vida na Terra é baixo. As tempestades geomagnéticas podem causar interferências em satélites, redes elétricas e sistemas de comunicação, mas são monitoradas constantemente por agências como a NASA e NOAA. As próximas horas serão de atenção especial para os observatórios espaciais.
Gostou de saber mais sobre os jatos de plasma e a incrível dinâmica do Sol? Então continue acompanhando o blog Viagem Cósmica para explorar os mistérios do Universo com a gente! Deixe seu comentário, compartilhe com os amigos e não perca o próximo artigo — o espaço está só começando a revelar seus segredos!
O Universo é mesmo fascinante !
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